What role does STP play in a switched network?

• A. STP prevents loops by selecting a root bridge and blocking redundant paths to create a loop-free topology.
• B. STP increases the size of the broadcast domain.
• C. STP assigns IP addresses to devices on the network.
• D. STP encrypts traffic to secure the network.

Answer: (A)

STP prevents loops in a switched network by creating a loop-free topology. In networks with multiple switches and redundant links, frames can circulate endlessly, causing broadcast storms and outages. STP selects a root bridge and then designates the best path to the root from each switch. Each switch picks a root port for the path toward the root and each network segment selects a designated port. The remaining ports are placed in a blocking state, so only one active path exists between any two devices. This establishes a tree-like structure that preserves connectivity while eliminating loops. If a link or switch fails, STP can reconverge and unblock a previously blocked port to maintain network access. This role is distinct from IP addressing or encryption, which are handled by other protocols and mechanisms.